来源教育部科技发展中心2007-4-59:07:50NatureMedicine：大麻能帮助治疗人类多发性硬化症生物谷
研究结果发表在了4月1日的《NatureMedicine》上，科学家首次证明了大麻确实能减缓MS的发展速度，这将为全球大约250万疾病患者带来希望。一组由伦敦大学神经免疫学教授DavidBaker领导的包括英国、欧洲、日本和美国科学家的国际研究小组以老鼠为模型，发现了一种大麻中的活性成分四氢大麻酚（THC）能显著的阻碍MS的发展和恶化。大麻作用的机制在于激发身体内的大麻物质受体分子。研究小组之前曾报道过THC能通过受体CB1减轻某些疾病的症状，而且可以挽救受到疾病损伤的神经。但是他们并没有研究过大麻物质对于疾病的免疫方面的影响。而现在的最新结果表明他们成功的区分了受体CB1和CB2在神经系统和T细胞上的作用，同时得到了它们对于控制中枢神经系统自体免疫方面的信息。CB1通过大脑神经表达，而非T细胞，它能激发和释放一种分子来阻碍MS发展，而与此同时T细胞激发CB2也起到类似作用。这表明类似大麻的药物可能阻碍导致疾病发展的自体免疫反应。DavidBaker教授说：“应用CB1治疗存在某些风险，所以我们认为能通过CB2受体达到同样效果而不会带来副作用。”译自：physorg.com原始出处链接：http://www.physorg.com/news94743932.html部分英文原文：NatureMedicine，Publishedonline:1April2007;|doi:10.1038/nm1561DirectsuppressionofCNSautoimmuneinflammationviathecannabinoidreceptorCB1onneuronsandCB2onautoreactiveTcellsKatarzynaMaresz1,11,GarethPryce2,10,11,EugeneDPonomarev1,GiovanniMarsicano3,JLudovicCroxford2,4,LeahPShriver1,5,CatherineLedent6,XiaodongCheng1,EricaJCarrier7,MonicaKMann1,5,GavinGiovannoni2,10,RogerGPertwee8,TakashiYamamura4,NancyEBuckley9,CeciliaJHillard7,BeatLutz3,DavidBaker2,10,11&BonnieNDittel1,5,111BloodCenterofWisconsin,BloodResearchInstitute,Milwaukee,Wisconsin53226,USA.2DepartmentofNeuroinflammation,InstituteofNeurology,UniversityCollegeLondon,LondonWC1N1PJ,UK.3DepartmentofPhysiologicalChemistry,JohannesGutenberg-UniversityMainz,55099Mainz,Germany.4DepartmentofImmunology,NationalInstituteofNeuroscience,Tokyo187-8502,Japan.5DepartmentofMicrobiologyandMolecularGenetics,MedicalCollegeofWisconsin,Milwaukee,Wisconsin53226,USA.6InstitutdeRechercheInterdisciplinaireenBiologieHumaineetMoleculaire,UniversitélibredeBruxelles,B-1070Brussels,Belgium.7DepartmentofPharmacologyandToxicology,MedicalCollegeofWisconsin,Milwaukee,Wisconsin53226,USA.8DepartmentofBiomedicalSciences,InstituteofMedicalSciences,UniversityofAberdeen,AberdeenAB252ZD,UK.9BiologicalSciencesDepartment,CaliforniaStatePolytechnicUniversity,Pomona,California91768,USA.10Presentaddress:NeuroimmunologyUnit,NeuroscienceCentre,InstituteofCellandMolecularScience,BartsandtheLondonSchoolofMedicineandDentistry,QueenMaryUniversityofLondon,LondonE12AT,UK.11Theseauthorscontributedequallytothiswork.CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoBonnieNDittelbonnie.dittel@bcw.eduThecannabinoidsystemisimmunomodulatoryandhasbeentargetedasatreatmentforthecentralnervoussystem（CNS）autoimmunediseasemultiplesclerosis.Usingananimalmodelofmultiplesclerosis,experimentalautoimmuneencephalomyelitis（EAE）,weinvestigatedtheroleoftheCB1andCB2cannabinoidreceptorsinregulatingCNSautoimmunity.WefoundthatCB1receptorexpressionbyneurons,butnotTcells,wasrequiredforcannabinoid-mediatedEAEsuppression.Incontrast,CB2receptorexpressionbyencephalitogenicTcellswascriticalforcontrollinginflammationassociatedwithEAE.CB2-deficientTcellsintheCNSduringEAEexhibitedreducedlevelsofapoptosis,ahigherrateofproliferationandincreasedproductionofinflammatorycytokines,resultinginsevereclinicaldisease.Together,ourresultsdemonstratethatthecannabinoidsystemwithintheCNSplaysacriticalroleinregulatingautoimmuneinflammation,withtheCNSdirectlysuppressingT-celleffectorfunctionviatheCB2receptor.相关报道:Nature：大麻提取物可治疗动脉硬化
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