作者
ISABELLEARNULFTHOMASSIMILOWSKIJEAN-PHILIPPEDERENNE
来源
AmJRespCritCare2000;161(3);849
英文摘要
Inamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS),theprogressivelossofupperandlowermotorneuronsleadstorespiratoryfailure,oftenwithpredominantdiaphragmdysfunction,anddeath.Becausethediaphragmistheonlyactiveinspiratorymuscleduringrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,thereisahightheoreticalriskofrespiratorydisordersduringREMsleepinpatientswithALS.Toassessthishypothesis,westudiedsleepcharacteristics(polysomnography)in21patientswithALS,stratifiedaccordingtothepresenceorabsenceofdiaphragmaticdysfunction.Diaphragmaticdysfunctionwasdefinedasanabsentordelayeddiaphragmresponsetocervicalorcorticalmagneticstimulation,abdominalparadox,orrespiratorypulse(Group1,13patients).Thesepatientsdidnotdifferinage,clinicalcourse,orform(bulbarorspinal)fromtheeightothers,whodidnothavediaphragmaticdysfunction(Group2).REMsleepwasreducedinGroup1(7±7%oftotalsleeptime;mean±SD)andnormalinGroup2(18±6%,p=0.004).Apneasorhypopneaswererareinbothgroups.InGroup1,REMsleepwasabsentorminimal(lessthan3min)infivepatients.AnunusualandremarkablepreservationofphasicinspiratorysternomastoidactivationduringREMwasassociatedwithlongerREMsleepdurationinsixoftheotherpatientswithdiaphragmaticdysfunction.Mediansurvivaltimewasdramaticallyshorter(217d)inGroup1thaninGroup2(619d,p=0.015).
中文摘要
目的:在肌萎缩性侧索硬化(ALS)中,上下运动神经元的进行性丧失导致呼吸衰竭,常伴有明显的膈肌功能紊乱和死亡。由于膈肌是快速眼动睡眠(REM)中唯一活动的吸气肌,因此从理论上讲,ALS患者REM睡眠期间发生呼吸紊乱的危险性很高。本文对这一假设进行验证。方法:研究21例ALS患者的睡眠特征,依据有无膈肌功能紊乱进行分析。结果与结论:组1(13例)存在膈肌功能紊乱,表现为膈肌对颈部或皮质区的磁性刺激无反应或反应延迟,腹部出现矛盾运动或呼吸脉冲。组2(8例)不存在膈肌功能紊乱。二组在年龄、临床过程或类型(延髓型或脊髓型)方面无差异。组1REM睡眠下降,占总睡眠时间的7±7%,组2则正常,占总睡眠时间的18±6%,p=0.004。二组均少见呼吸困难。组1有5例无REM睡眠或者最少者<3分钟,另6例膈肌功能紊乱患者由于REM能保持周期性的激活胸锁乳突吸气肌,而使REM睡眠持续时间更长。组1平均生存时间为217天,比组2(619天)显著缩短(p=0.015)。
英文关键字
amyotrophiclateralsclerosis,DiaphragmaticFunction,sleep
中文关键字
肌萎缩性侧索硬化,膈肌功能,睡眠
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